Fiber Optic Scope Source

Light Source Endoscope

Two Physics Questions On Endoscopes.? HELP!?

Just two questions I am stuck on and can't find anywhere:

1. How does light travel through an endoscope to allow a doctor to see the patient's stomach?

2. The light that travels through an endoscope has a source which also emits heat. Explain why the patient's insides are not harmed by any of this heat.

Pleaseeeeee Help ?!?

1. the light undergoes repeated and successive total internal reflection off the inside of the optical glass fibres.
2. the source of the light (lamp) does not go inside the patient - only the optic fibres.

2MP USB Digital Microscope endoscope Magnifier 400X $44.95 Description: USB Digital Microscope is a good quality to use in different fields, Skin inspection, Hair inspection, Industrial inspection (PCB, Material…) Education purpose, Print industrial, Textile industrial, Biological inspection, Jewelry & Stamp (collections) inspection and so on. The microscope is designed for PC solution with friendly user interface. The special AP software: Micro-Measure-Tool can support you to have picture, record video and do micro-measure work with ease. Feature: 1. Image sensor: 2Mega Pixels (interpolated to 3MP) 2. Still capture resolution: 1600x1200, 1280x1024, 1280x960, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480, 352x288, 320x240, 160x120 3. Video capture resolution: 1600x1200, 1280x1024, 1280x960, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480, 352x288, 320x240, 160x120 4. Focus Range: Manual focus from 10mm to 500mm 5. Frame Rate: Max 30f/s under 600 Lus Brightness 6. Magnification Ratio: 20x to 400x 7. Video fo Type: Microscopes Features: 1. Image sensor: 2Mega Pixels (interpolated to 3MP) 2. Still capture resolution: 1600x1200, 1280x1024, 1280x960, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480, 352x288, 320x240, 160x120 3. Video capture resolution: 1600x1200, 1280x1024, 1280x960, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480, 352x288, 320x240, 160x120 4. Focus Range: Manual focus from 10mm to 500mm 5. Frame Rate: Max 30f/s under 600 Lus Brightness 6. Magnification Ratio: 20x to 400x 7. Video format: AVI 8. Photo format: JPEG or BMP 9. Light source: 8 LED (adjustable by control wheel) 10. PC interface: USB2.0 11. Power source: 5V DC from USB port 12. Operation system: Windows 7/Vista/XP/2000, Mac OS X 10.5 or above 13. OSD language: English, German, Spanish, Korean, French, Russian 14. Bundle software: MicroCapture with measurement & calibration function 15. Size: 125mm (L) x 33mm (R) Color: Bla...

2MP USB Digital Microscope endoscope Magnifier 200X $38.99 USB Digital Microscope is a good quality to use in Inspection dissection/examination, Plant dissection/examination, Skin examination, Scal examination, Textile Inspection, Jewelry Inspection,Collections/Coin Inspection,Printing Inspection,PCB or PCBA Inspection and so on. The microscope is made up of high-quality IC and electronic components,with clear image quality, low power consumption, high-resolution,applies to small objects to be larger, photo and video production,is the best choice of small objects recognization. Image sensor: 2 Mega Pixels(Must Installation CD Drive) Video Capture Resolution: 160x120, 320x240,640x480,1280x1024 Still Image Capture Resolution: 160x120, 320x240,640x480,1280x1024,1600x1200 Exposure: Auto Photo format: JPEG Light source: 8 LED PC interface: Mini USB1.1&2.0 Power source: 5V DC from USB port Gray scale: Level 8 Sleep current:< 1 mA Work current:< 180 mA Save temperature: -20°C to +60°C Work temperature: 10°C to +40°C Magnification Ratio: 10x to 200x Operation system: Windo Type: Microscopes Features: USB Digital Microscope is a good quality to use in Inspection dissection/examination, Plant dissection/examination, Skin examination, Scal examination, Textile Inspection, Jewelry Inspection,Collections/Coin Inspection,Printing Inspection,PCB or PCBA Inspection and so on. Parts: One Year Labor: One Year

Waterproof 2M Tube Snake Camera Home Endoscope Inspection Camera Borescope Scope with 2 LED Light, Recorder Software $37.89 Waterproof 2M Tube Snake Camera Home Endoscope Inspection Camera Borescope Scope with 2 LED Light, Recorder Software

2MP 8-LED USB Digital Microscope endoscope 40X~800X $47.99 Description: USB Digital Microscope is a good quality to use in different fields, Skin inspection, Hair inspection, Industrial inspection (PCB, Material…) Education purpose, Print industrial, Textile industrial, Biological inspection, Jewelry & Stamp (collections) inspection and so on. The microscope is designed for PC solution with friendly user interface. The special AP software: Micro-Measure-Tool can support you to have picture, record video and do micro-measure work with ease. Feature: 1. Image sensor: 2Mega Pixels (interpolated to 3MP) 2. Still capture resolution: 1600x1200, 1280x1024, 1280x960, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480, 352x288, 320x240, 160x120 3. Video capture resolution: 1600x1200, 1280x1024, 1280x960, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480, 352x288, 320x240, 160x120 4. Focus Range: from 10mm to 250mm 5. Frame Rate: Max 30f/s under 600 Lus Brightness 6. Magnification Ratio: 40x to 800x 7. Video format: AVI

2MP 8-LED USB Digital Microscope endoscope 40X~800X Video Camera $47.99 Description: USB Digital Microscope is a good quality to use in different fields, Skin inspection, Hair inspection, Industrial inspection (PCB, Material…) Education purpose, Print industrial, Textile industrial, Biological inspection, Jewelry & Stamp (collections) inspection and so on. The microscope is designed for PC solution with friendly user interface. The special AP software: Micro-Measure-Tool can support you to have picture, record video and do micro-measure work with ease. Feature: 1. Image sensor: 2Mega Pixels (interpolated to 3MP) 2. Still capture resolution: 1600x1200, 1280x1024, 1280x960, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480, 352x288, 320x240, 160x120 3. Video capture resolution: 1600x1200, 1280x1024, 1280x960, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480, 352x288, 320x240, 160x120 4. Focus Range: from 10mm to 250mm 5. Frame Rate: Max 30f/s under 600 Lus Brightness 6. Magnification Ratio: 40x to 800x 7. Video format: AVI

15m Waterproof USB Inspection Camera Endoscope Pipe Cam $48.49 Feature: 1. Waterproof wire endoscope 2. High resolution with 1/6 CMOS camera 3. 4 LED low lux luminance lights can work better when the light very dark 4. XP system can watch video directly without install software, Vista or Win 7 needs install software which in the CD 5. Can take photo (XP system can use itself photo function to take photo or use our software, other system need use our software to take photo) 6. Can record video, and save the video in the PC Specification: Function items: Spec Description Camera: 1/6� VGA COMS Pixel: VGA 300K Resolution: 640x480,352X288,320X240,176X144,160X120 Capture Resolution: Up to 640X480 LED: 4 White LED bright light Waterproof: IP67 Brightness: Auto Exposed control: Auto F/NO: 2.8 Camera housing diameter: ?14.5 mm Wide visual: view angle 62° LED switch: Adjustable lightness switch Focal Distance: 6CM-inf Type: USB/Serial Standards: USB 2.0/1.1

2MP 8-LED USB Digital Microscope endoscope 40X~800X Video Camera - Black $47.99 Description: USB Digital Microscope is a good quality to use in different fields, Skin inspection, Hair inspection, Industrial inspection (PCB, Material…) Education purpose, Print industrial, Textile industrial, Biological inspection, Jewelry & Stamp (collections) inspection and so on. The microscope is designed for PC solution with friendly user interface. The special AP software: Micro-Measure-Tool can support you to have picture, record video and do micro-measure work with ease. Feature: 1. Image sensor: 2Mega Pixels (interpolated to 3MP) 2. Still capture resolution: 1600x1200, 1280x1024, 1280x960, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480, 352x288, 320x240, 160x120 3. Video capture resolution: 1600x1200, 1280x1024, 1280x960, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480, 352x288, 320x240, 160x120 4. Focus Range: from 10mm to 250mm 5. Frame Rate: Max 30f/s under 600 Lus Brightness 6. Magnification Ratio: 40x to 800x 7. Video format: AVI

2MP 8-LED USB Digital Microscope endoscope 40X~800X Video Camera for PC, Laptop, Notebook $47.99 Description: USB Digital Microscope is a good quality to use in different fields, Skin inspection, Hair inspection, Industrial inspection (PCB, Material…) Education purpose, Print industrial, Textile industrial, Biological inspection, Jewelry & Stamp (collections) inspection and so on. The microscope is designed for PC solution with friendly user interface. The special AP software: Micro-Measure-Tool can support you to have picture, record video and do micro-measure work with ease. Feature: 1. Image sensor: 2Mega Pixels (interpolated to 3MP) 2. Still capture resolution: 1600x1200, 1280x1024, 1280x960, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480, 352x288, 320x240, 160x120 3. Video capture resolution: 1600x1200, 1280x1024, 1280x960, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480, 352x288, 320x240, 160x120 4. Focus Range: from 10mm to 250mm 5. Frame Rate: Max 30f/s under 600 Lus Brightness 6. Magnification Ratio: 40x to 800x 7. Video format: AVI

USB Borescope Endoscope Mini Inspection Tube Camera 10M Waterproof $41.99 Feature: 1.A new electronic health and industrial pipeline inspection product, you can use it to examination, ear detection; 2.search and rescue, pipeline inspection, engine inspection, video monitor, sewer inspection; cast mould in wall inspection. 3.This portable Digital Microscope must be connected to the computer when using. 4.User interface is very friendly. You can do the micro-measure work with easy. 5. Waterproof wire endoscope 6. 4 LED low lux luminance lights can work better when the light very dark 7. XP system can watch video directly without install software, Vista or Win 7 needs install software which in the CD 8. Can take photo (XP system can use itself photo function to take photo or use our software, other system need use our software to take photo) 9. Can record video, and save the video in the PC Specification: Camera: 1/6� VGA COMS Pixels: 300K Resolution: 640x480,352X288,32 Type: USB/Serial Standards: USB 2.0/1.1

60x Microscope/Endoscope with 3-LED Illumination (3*LR1130) $3.91 - Features 2 white LED lights for illumination and 1 UV LED Light as Money Detector- 60x magnification- Ideal for on the spot inspections in printing, electronics and other industries- Protective leather pouch included

45X Microscope/Endoscope with 2-LED Illumination (3 LR927) $5.89 Overview: A mini sized 2-LED white light illuminated microscope Ideal for electronic engineers, hobbyists, collectors, scientists and students Powered by 3 LR927 batteries Comes with a leather protective pouchtedSpecifications:Dimensions: 1.34 in x 1.26 in x 0.59 inWeight: 0.88 oz

45X Microscope/Endoscope with 2-LED Illumination (3*LR927) $4.5 - A mini sized 2-LED white light illuminated microscope- Ideal for electronic engineers, hobbyists, collectors, scientists and students- Powered by 3*LR927 batteries- Comes with a leather protective pouchSpecificationsDimensions: 1.34 in x 1.26 in x 0.59 inWeight: 0.88 oz

USB 2.0 Pen Style 40X Digital Microscope/Endoscope with 8-LED Illumination $73.1 - Model: DV-005- New electronic health care product for the home. It is a tubular imaging system consisting of an optical lens, an image sensor, an illumination mechanism, and an image transfer control circuit connected to a computer.- You can display the images captured by the digital pen camera on the computer screen, store them on the computer, or print them.- As an endoscope, you can use it to observe yourself like using a mirror. You can observe any part of your body, in particular the parts that you could not see before. Frequent observation and knowing what your body looks like in its normal, healthy state make you more alert to any abnormalities and will lead to early detection and treatment of illnesses.- As a USB microscope, it can magnify stamps, coins, antiques, insects, electric circuits, machines, fabrics, food, decorations, etc. and can also help visually impaired patients magnify small text for reading.- 40X magnification (10mm objects show on the 17" LCD screen)- Resolution: 300k Pixels, 640x480(VGA)- USB 2.0 power and data connection- 1/6 progressive scan hardware image sensor- Focal distance: 10mm - 8- Takes videos: 640*480@30fps- Driver free installation under Windows XP SP2 or later and Windows Vista or later, Linux 2.6.X- 8 white illumination LEDs, with light intensity control dial on the cable- Packed with: Digital Pen Camera/ Reflector with focusing ring/ Multi-function tube with focusing ring/Ear tip with focusing ring/ Ear pick with focusing ring/ Large focusing cap/ Small focusing cap/ cable with light intensity control dial/ Software CD (User manual included)/ TripodSpecificationsDimensions: 5.63 in x 0.47 in x 0.47 inWeight: 12.35 oz

USB Borescope Endoscope Inspection Camera 5M Waterproof $28.98 USB Borescope Endoscope Inspection Camera 5M Waterproof

Inspectio Tube Scope Snake Camera Endoscope Borescope engineering equipment industrial endoscope $126.99 Inspectio Tube Scope Snake Camera Endoscope Borescope engineering equipment industrial endoscope

5.5MM support 32G Inspectio Tube Scope Snake Camera Endoscope Borescope engineering equipment industrial endoscope Flexible $305.26 5.5MM support 32G Inspectio Tube Scope Snake Camera Endoscope Borescope engineering equipment industrial endoscope Flexible

Inspectio Tube Scope Snake Camera Endoscope Borescope engineering equipment industrial endoscope $126.32 Inspectio Tube Scope Snake Camera Endoscope Borescope engineering equipment industrial endoscope

7M Waterproof USB Camera Home Endoscope Inspection Camera Borescope Scope with 4 LED $35.5 The Mini USB Endoscope is a handy inspection device with a 10mm camera head that helps you search inside hard to reach places. A new electronic health and industrial Pipeline Inspection Product, you can use it to do oral examination, ear detection; search and rescue, pipeline inspection, engine inspection, video monitor, sewer pipe inspection; case mould in wall inspection.Specifications:Camera head outer diameter: 10mmTotal length : 7MWaterproof Level: IP*67Resolution : 640x480 30ftpsUSB2.0 interfaceFocal distance 4-6cmPacking size : 45mm x140mmx262mmExposure: autoLight source: 8LED white lightPower supply: 5V DV from USB portSize: 121mm (L) x 35mm (R)Operation System: Windows 7/Vista/XPSize: 262*140*45mmPackage includes:1x home endoscope1xhook1xmagnet1xmirror1xsleeve1xdriver

Home Endoscope $32 Funtions and features:Home Endoscope is a new electronic health care product, a household neccessity.It can help you to see any part of your body, which cannot be seen due to physical limitation before.With the help of a computer, one can take ,store photos or video of any part of the body and transmit over the Internet for consultation of the telemedicine service.Very useful for the health of your family.The main advantages are small in size--the diameter is only 10 mm, high resolution imaging and waterproof.Application fields:Intraoral camera system; underwater camera; waterproof Micro-cameras;motor vehicle detector; sewer pipeline detector; search and rescue seeker; criminal and custom detector; archaeological detect; the PCB detection; home care; aviation and space industries; cars and tractors industries; petroleum drilling industries; constructions and so on.Specifications:Camera head outer diameter is 10 mmTotal length: 2MWaterproof level: IP*7Resolution: 640*480 30 ftpsUSB 2.0 interface Focal distance: 6 cm~ infinite Net weight: 0.056kgGross weight: 0.144kgPacking size: 158 mm* 180mmSize: 180*160*60 mm

15m Waterproof USB Inspection Camera Endoscope Pipe Cam With LED for Night Vision $48.49 Feature: 1. Waterproof wire endoscope 2. High resolution with 1/6 CMOS camera 3. 4 LED low lux luminance lights can work better when the light very dark 4. XP system can watch video directly without install software, Vista or Win 7 needs install software which in the CD 5. Can take photo (XP system can use itself photo function to take photo or use our software, other system need use our software to take photo) 6. Can record video, and save the video in the PC Specification: Function items: Spec Description Camera: 1/6� VGA COMS Pixel: VGA 300K Resolution: 640x480,352X288,320X240,176X144,160X120 Capture Resolution: Up to 640X480 LED: 4 White LED bright light Waterproof: IP67 Brightness: Auto Exposed control: Auto F/NO: 2.8 Camera housing diameter: ?14.5 mm Wide visual: view angle 62° LED switch: Adjustable lightness switch Focal Distance: 6CM-inf Type: Microscopes Night Vision: Yes Color: Black

1800endoscope.com Veterinary Endoscope Endoscopy LightSource

ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio Pancreatography) In India Cost

 

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio Pancreatography In India

 

Overview

 

Q. What is ERCP ? 

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (en-doh-SKAH-pik REH-troh-grayd koh-LAN-jee-oh-PANG-kree-uh-TAH-gruh-fee) (ERCP) enables the physician to diagnose problems in the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, and pancreas. The liver is a large organ that, among other things, makes a liquid called bile that helps with digestion.

The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ that stores bile until it is needed for digestion. The bile ducts are tubes that carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder and small intestine. These ducts are sometimes called the biliary tree. The pancreas is a large gland that produces chemicals that help with digestion and hormones such as insulin.

For the procedure, you will lie on your left side on an examining table in an x-ray room. You will be given medication to help numb the back of your throat and a sedative to help you relax during the exam. You will swallow the endoscope, and the physician will then guide the scope through your esophagus, stomach, and duodenum until it reaches the spot where the ducts of the biliary tree and pancreas open into the duodenum...

 

Procedure

During ERCP, a gastroenterologist (doctor who specializes in treating diseases of the gastrointestinal system), uses a special endoscope (a long, flexible tube with a light and camera at the end) to examine the inside of the digestive system. The doctor identifies the place where the bile duct comes into the intestine and then feeds a tiny catheter (a plastic tube) into the duct and squirts in a contrast agent while X-rays are taken. The contrast agent allows the doctors to see the bile ducts, the gallbladder, and the pancreatic duct on the X-rays.

Once the source of the problem is identified, the doctor may then treat it by performing one of the following procedures. Sphincterotomy. This involves making a small incision in the opening of the pancreatic duct or the bile duct, which can help small gallstones, bile, and pancreatic juice to drain appropriately...

 

Q. What are the risks of having an ERCP ?

• A sore throat after the examination is common and should resolve after a few hours.
• There is a small risk of damage to crowned teeth or dental bridgework
• A reaction to the drugs used during the test may require you to stay in hospital.
• ERCP can cause acute pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) in 1 in 50 patients. Antibiotics may be given to help prevent this but it may result in a prolonged stay in hospital and occasionally a surgical operation is necessary to treat it.
• ERCP may result in infection within the bile duct. This is usually treatable with antibiotics that may be given prior to the procedure, but occasionally it may be serious.
• ERCP may result in bleeding particularly if the bile duct needs to be cut. The bleeding can usually be stopped by an injection through the endoscope, but if it is serious a surgical operation may become necessary. If required, a blood sample will be taken before your test to check your clotting levels...

 

Risk factors during the procedure 

• Bleeding disorder
• Young age
• Female sex
• History of ERCP-related pancreatitis
• Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
• Pregnancy
• Recent or chronic illness
• Heart or lung problems...

 

 

 

 

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