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Ragged To Death?

Ragged to death?

 

Despite the Supreme Court's judgement against ragging in educational institutions, the offence is being committed unabated throughout the country. The media reports only the more shocking cases and colleges and students still continue to think ragging is legitimate fun. If the law really wants   ragging to be exposed and punished, its needs to be  innovative in its approach by ensuring complete anonymity for the complainant, treating ragging as a psychological problem, and taking stern measures like stopping the inflow of funding for the education institution which is found to allow ragging on its campus

 

It is that time of the year again when young boys and girls leave the relatively safe havens of their schools and venture into colleges for higher education. And this is the time when news of brutal incidents of ragging surface all across the country. Some ragging incidents, like the recent ones of Aman Kachroo's death in a Himachal Pradesh medical college, and Akhil Dev who lost his eye sight in a Coimbatore college get highlighted in the media. Thousands more go unreported. Colleges, universities, governments and the courts spring into action for some time, but to contain such violence which is so widespread and ails almost every higher education institution, proves to be very difficult.

‘Hazing', ‘fagging', ‘bullying', ‘pledging', ‘horse-playing' etc. are different terms used for ragging in different parts of the world. The underpinning problem however is the same: new students are treated as easy game by senior students who subject their ‘juniors' to violence and humiliation.

The Supreme Court announced a judgement about ragging in May 2007. Even after the apex court's censure of the practice, 11 cases of death due to ragging and five cases of attempted suicides have been reported by the media. There of course does not seem to be any significant decline in the incidence of ragging in colleges. This makes us think why ragging has become such an intractable problem. The government can take certain steps which would make it easier for victims to report ragging and would also act as a deterrent for perpetrators.

 

Curbing ragging: real measures or just eyewash

 

With the Aman Kachroo case, public outcry against ragging has intensified, but for how long really will this public anger last, remains to be seen. Presently, the authorities feel compelled to take action as the media reported that the President of India has raised concern over the brutal ragging incident in which Aman Kachroo, a medical student in a Himachal Pradesh college lost his life. It has also been reported that eleven regulatory bodies like the UGC, AICTE, Nursing Council of India, Medical Council of India and others are coming together to devise ways in which the Raghavan Committee's recommendations on curbing ragging can be implemented. However, some feel that it might be just lip service as despite the Supreme Court's directive on ragging and the Raghavan Committee's detailed recommendations, education regulatory agencies have done little to take any hard-hitting steps to eradicate ragging. The Ministry of Human Resources Development did publish anti-ragging advertisements in newspapers displaying the message that ragging had been banned, but a pernicious and deep-seated problem like ragging, which has several psychological reasons as well, needs a far more comprehensive corrective drive than spending money on newspaper advertisements.

 

Anonymity of the complainant:  This is the key to encouraging freshers to report incidents of ragging to the authorities/police. Ragging cases are often not reported because students fear backlash from their seniors. Expecting the fresher to report the incident to anti- ragging cell/committee does not work because such provisions fail to convince the fresher of complete anonymity and his/her safety. The best way to tackle this problem is by making it mandatory for every college in the country to do a weekly/fortnightly survey of the entire first year batch to find out if any sort of ragging is taking place in their college, without students having to reveal their identity in such a survey. The idea is to encourage the students to report ragging instead of waiting for a whistle blower to come forward and report the incident. Unless we make this important provision, the college authorities will continue to live in oblivion and feel that ragging is not a problem in their institution.  

 

Awareness: Even though ragging has been banned, students and college authorities alike may not always know what constitutes ragging and what does not. People don't even know why ragging has been banned. A section of the student population feels that the ban has been unnecessarily imposed on them. It is important not just to put in place effective curbs on ragging but also alternative and healthier methods of interaction among students to replace ragging. 

 

Psychological problem: Ragging is a psychological problem more than anything else. Ragging is perhaps the only social and human rights problem in the world in which the victim himself/herself becomes the perpetrator of the crime in a short span of one year. This problem can best be solved by going to the root of this menace and understanding the psychology behind it. Psychological concepts like Stanford Prison Experiment, Miligram Experiment, Stockholm syndrome, which have close similarities with the psychology of ragging need to be studied carefully to understand this problem and to look for appropriate solution.

 

Role of media: The issue of ragging has not been sensitively dealt with in the mainstream media. Ever since the Supreme Court judgement on ragging in 2007, the media has mostly sensationalised reports of ragging. The  Raghavan committee gave a long list of guidelines in its report on ragging but the media chose to highlight only the sensational ones. Today all that people know about the Raghavan Committee report is that there is a provision of filing an FIR in a ragging case or that the director of a college can be sent to jail for a ragging incident in the college. There are dozens of other important points in the Raghavan committee report which have been completely ignored by the media.

 

A stern approach: We have to look at the situation from a fresher's point of view. A teenager who joins college with the dream of becoming a doctor or an engineer will find the prospect of lodging a police complaint or getting involved in a court case extremely daunting. Secondly, gathering evidence to prove any ragging incident has always been difficult as no witnesses comes forward to testify. Thirdly, we need to ask ourselves that is it easy to de-recognise an institution or freeze its inflow of funds if it is several decades old and there are several hundred students studying in it? What will happen to the future of those students who were not involved in ragging? Presently there are conflicting views about ragging, for some it is torture whereas for others it is a form of entertaining interaction or a personality development exercise.

Unless very serious view is taken of ragging and till such time as there is a public outcry, college authorities will continue to label ragging deaths as suicides due to academic pressure. Majority of ragging incidents will continue to go unreported, seniors and teachers will continue to believe that ragging is a healthy harmless exercise; and the media will continue to report only the more ‘news-worthy' ragging cases and parents, relatives and society will fail to understand the pain of the ragging victim. As a result, the harsh legal provisions to curb ragging may soon lose their deterrence effect and the problem may never be solved.

 

 

 

Harsh Agarwal(Harsh Agarwal is a co-founder of Coalition to Uproot Ragging from Education (CURE), www.noragging.com and a former consultant to Raghavan Committee on Ragging)

 

The origin of ragging

 

‘Ragging' can be traced back to as early as the 7th or 8th century A.D. In Greek culture, new entrants to the sports community were subjected to all kinds of humiliation and teasing to inculcate a team spirit in them. Gradually with the passage of time this technique was subjected to several modifications and was later adopted by the military forces, from there it finally entered in the education system.

The first ragging related death occurred in 1873 when a freshman from Cornell University fell into a gorge as a consequence of ragging.

Ragging underwent a massive transformation after World War I. It was during this time that it started to acquire its real brutal form. Soldiers returning from war re-entered the college and brought with them the technique of ‘hazing' (ragging) they learned in military camps. Gradually in the early 20th century ragging related violence started to escalate in the western countries.

In India the tradition of ragging was imported along with the English education. Though it existed in the Army and English public schools much before the country's independence, it became conspicuous only after independence. Ragging then meant seniors mocking and jesting at juniors. Till the late 60's ragging was never a serious problem in India as it was relatively in a much milder form, primarily because higher education was confined to some particular section of the society. Gradually as the higher education became more and more accessible to different communities, ragging became a soft weapon to settle the animosity between students of different castes, communities and religion, region, etc.

 

Right to Emergency Care

 

The Supreme Court has ruled that all injured persons especially in the case of road traffic accidents, assaults, etc.., when brought to a hospital / medical centre, have to be offered first aid, stabilised and shifted to a higher centre/government centre if required. It is only after this that the hospital can demand payment or complete police formalities. In case you are a bystander and wish to help someone in an accident, please go ahead and do so. Your responsibility ends as soon as you leave the person at the hospital.

 

Case No: Appeal (civil) 919 of 2007

 

About the Author

Consumer VOICE was founded by teachers and students at the University of Delhi in the beginning of the academic year 1983-84. Till mid 1986, Consumer VOICE functioned as an unregistered voluntary consumer association.

On 28 June 1986, it was registered as a Public Charitable Trust with noted jurist, Justice (retd.) V.M. Tarkunde and Prof. P.K. Ghosh of the Delhi School of Economics as founder donors and Dr. Sri Ram Khanna and Mr Rajan Karanjawala as Trustees.

In 1988 the Dept of Company Affairs Govt. of India accorded recognition to Consumer VOICE under the MRTP Act. The trust has since been granted exemption under section 80-G of the Income Tax Act and, donations made to the Trust are exempt from Tax. However the organization does not accept donations from private enterprise in order to ensure objectivity, or from individuals except when the donor is genuinely committed to espouse the cause of consumer protection.

As one of its first consumer-rights initiative, VOICE filed a suit against the ‘Wills Made for Each Other' tobacco campaign, as it was monopolistic and discriminated against consumers who did not smoke. VOICE also challenged television manufacturers which were selling colour television sets at a premium to consumers during the Asiad Games.

In 1997, VOICE started to publish Consumer VOICE, a bi-monthly magazine that focused on bringing consumers information on product performance. ‘Voltage Stabilisers' were one of the first product tests to be published in Consumer VOICE magazine.

The publisher of Consumer VOICE magazine since 1999 it is currently working in close co-ordination with the Dept of Consumer Affairs, Govt of India, on a comparative product testing project. The project aims to test a wide range of products most commonly used by Indian consumers in NABL-accredited laboratories. The test results are then published in Consumer VOICE magazine.